dean ovebel



tow ilo' mm; E. WEAR, oo Bomiimim',

figeoificaiionformingpm of Lottora Patent No. liw i ifill, dolgad Augoat '28, 186?; ontoiiaioil August 15, 1857.

State of Vermont; United States of Amelioa, 1

have invented or disoovered a newzmd in proved Mode of Preserving Annual 01-- Veg-atable Matter, whether fluid or solid, in 3. Wholesomeand edible condition for food or 01- boveragowithout material loss or ohango of itsf natural flavor; and I do hereby declare thou the followiiig is a full; oloar, and emot- (isomotion of my said in vention or disoovory.

Aftop many years ofcareful and laborious.

experiments with varioiio antiseptic maioriois known to be friendly to man whom taken into his stomach with food I have oisoovoreil that animal or vegetable' waiter, either solid or fluid, iiben subjected lo the aoiioii of smile:- of the herein-named ,aolusions, can be proserved in. 2, whole'somo am oiiible oondigtiou for food or for beverage wicnoul; material low; or change of its natural flavor, V

The nature oi my invention oi 'ciiscoveiy sists, first, in subjeoiing animal or vegetable matter to the action of assoluti on of a mixfiuio of bomoio acid and ooiplmroos acid, in; com neotion with an alkali and water, for the purpose of preserving the saili animal 0i vegan bio matter in a. pure onzl whoiesomo ooodition for food; second, in subjecting animal 0K veg otahle natter to the action oi a, solution of sulphuroua acid, in combination with or: alkali and wator,i'0r the gmrpose of preserving the said animal or vegetable mabterin a pure and wholqsomo condition for food; third, in sol jeoting animal or vogetoblo matter to the ootion of a. solution of boroio avoid, in combinaiiam with an alkali and water, for the purpose oi preserving the said animal orvoget-ablo mattarin a pure and wholesome condition for food fourth, in subjecting or animal or vegetabie matter to the action of a solution of box'acio iioi'ii in water, for tho purposo of prosorying the said animal or vegetable oiattor in a pure and wholesome oomiitiou for food.

The object of my invention or discovery is to aupply, at comparatively small cost, a

wholesome and agreeable food to persons illiii'gin deoselyqmpulatod countries, or oitios, from other and remote looalitioa, whom the popiiioiioo is sparse, and whom flesh, fish, fowl, mm, and legato-bios abandon; lino. cheap and also-to preserve unit-ice? of door iio production or use in a. sweet whole)- oome condition lglzi-ouglisoolz 'ssasons of -lzo year, and through. such pei'ioiis of time, as would under ordinary GiICEIIiSEZllfil ZS, prodooo fermonmtioli and. puiprei'aoiiooi Y Having stated the not-ore 0E myinveotion or discovery, and its ooiei object-s, I will prooeei to desozibo the manner it; which I have carried it out); om'i, for we con venioi oe of refreooe, I will iiosigmi'ce by n limbs? the (liflorem preserving solutions which i make wild use.

Solution Na. J'.,--Tha soioiion of a mixture of? horaoio acid and solphiirous acid, in oonneotion with on rfilmii 2am water i 'mzilio in the foiiowing manner: I first maize a saturated fiolotiou of good commercial noun: io'water; mid than ioi'oointo the iiz iili saturated solution ostream oi oui' llmious-aoid gas by means of aipiimp and pipe ooimeotozi with tho domes maid solution with soiplmloui; acid; I

Solution N0. lie-2126 soioiioo oi boraoio maid in oombiiiitiooivitb rm alkali om water, I make by dissolving good commercial boron in water unbil the said solution is saturated, and l neutralize said soiul-ion with boraoio acid,

Solution No. .--'llie oolutiooof boraoic acid; and water ll maize by iiirisolving the pure crystals of bomoio maid in voter to sanitation.

The autisopiio power of each of the above named solutions may be diminisliod 0? iiioroasoii by dimioianiug or iuoroasiug its'spooiilo graviiy. j

Tho loofomfiawe soiotiom 1%. 1 may be mafia by disoolviug ilgo oiy lia-io of bomz'a-ud the than the, body.

7 pipe at the nostrils.

omens crystals of sulphiteof soda in water, and then neutralizing said solution with sulphurous acid; but I prefer making said solution in the manner hercinheforc stated.

For preserving animal matter I prefer to use solution No. 1., and for preserving vegetable matter I prefer to use solution No. 2; but I have had good results from the use of the other solutions.

Any animal whose meat I wish to preserve may be killed and dressed in the usual way, and cut into pieces of the same dimensions as those usually out for making salt beef. The said pieces I immerse for twenty-four hours or more ina hath made of solution No. 1, diluted with water, till its specific gravity ninrks5 by Baum, contained "in a wooden cistern, or

, other suitable vessel, of capacity sufiicient to allow the saidpieces to he completely covered by the said solution. After being immersed twenty-four hours or more, I take said pieces out of said solution and put them into ordinary beef-barrels, or other suitable vessels, taking care to leave sutiieient room in suidbarrcls to allow said pieces placed therein to be completely covered by a fresh quantity of solution No. 1 of 5 by Bonnie, which I pour into said barrels and over said pieces. Said barrels are now headed up in the usual manner, and so kept till the said pieces are wanted for the table for food, when they may be taken out, rinsed in fresh water for a minute or two, and OuOkBd in any manner desired.

Fish, fowl, birds, and all similar animals, may he PIBBGIYBd in the manner above stated for preservingn'ncat.

When I desire to preserve animals entire to be used as food I proceed as follows: The animalis bled by severing one of the carotid arteries, and its body suspended in a vertical position by the hind legs, that the discharge of blood may be rapid and complete. Immediately after the blood has been discharged I lower the body of the animal to a horizontal position, and elevate the head and especially the nose, so that said head shall be higher serving solution through the lungs and wind- Into that part of the severed artery leading in the direction of the heart I insert a tube or pipe, and firmly secure it there by a suitable ligature, for the purpose of preventing any'escape of the solution at the joining of said artery and tube. The other part of said severed artery leading in the irection of the head I firmly close by a' suitable ligature, to prevent any flow and waste of the solution from that direction.

Then, with a suitable pump or equivalent means, either of the above-named solutions, but, b preference, solution No. l of specific gravity 5,by Baum, is injected until the arteries and veins are completely filled, the solu-.

'tion' being kept all the time. during the operation ofinjecting at a tmnporntnrc of 100 by Fahrenheit, by means of a coil of pipe heated I do this for the purpose of preventing the escape and waste of the pro by steam or other suitable means. For every pound of the live weight of the animal I inject'twoonnces oi the said solution. The skin or hide of the animal should not be removed until the flesh has absorbed the solntion,=

which will require from thirty minutes to threehours, according to the weight and bulk of the anir'nal. After a suflicient time has elapsed for the absorption of the solution I again suspend the animal and removev the.

hide and entrails in the ordinary way.

Meat thus prepared will keep sweet for a.

longtime even in hotclimates; but when I wish to keep it for years I out it in pieces and pack in barrels, and cover it with a solution of the same kind and of the same specific gravity as that which was injected into it.

Birds or fowl whose live weight is' more than one pound, or whose arteries are large enough to permit of their being injected, may

be preserved entire by injecting into their ar teries and veins the same-kind of solution, and. the same quantity for every pound-of the live weight of said. birds or fowl, that I use for preserving meet, as hereinabove stated.

Birds or fowl whose live weight is less than one pound, 'or whose arteries are too small to permit of their being injeote'd,'may be preserved entire by injecting said solution into their crops and intestines, using the same kind of solution, and the proportionate quantity, as above stated, for meat.

To preserve oysters I thoroughly mix with them three ouncrs of solution No. l, ofspeciiio gravity 5 Baum, for every pound of said oysters.

To preserve lobsters I boil them from thirty to forty minutes in solution No. l, of specific gravity 5 Baum, and then puck in suitable "essels' and cover them will: said solution, same as out meats:

Animal substance treated as n -ove directed remains sweet for a longtime aft-eritis cooked.

When it is designed to supply people on aourney, or an army on the march, it can becooked and put in suitable vessels and covered with the soup, as fruit is with sirup.

To preserve milk, say for six: days, I mix with it twenty-five ounces of solution No. 1, specific gravity 5 Buum for every one hundred pounds oi milk, and to preserve one hundred pounds one month I mix with it fifty ounces of said solution, and the same propor tion for a longer time.

If the above solution is made to mark 18 by Bauminstead of 5, a much less quantity of said solution maybe used, six :1 ndone-fourtlt Animal frnitiout. of thekettle iniwliieh they have been scolded a'udplacc them-inthe vessels in which j they are who lflsll loving the juice or sirup -in which they were eca-ldecl in said kettle.-

No'w, add to said juice or sirup one ounce of solution Nod, specific gravity 18 Bennie, for every eight pounds ofecid vegetable or fruit,

.with-the juice, weirli'ed bei'ore scalding, and

thoroughly mifsei'o solution with said six-up -orjnice; thehipour said juice or sirup upon the said scolded vegetable matter or fruit until it is complcteiy covered; then cork the veeeels containing 'seid vegetable matter, or cover said vessels withiclothor paper, to keep out dust and insects "If there is not sufficient j iceor water left in said kettle after removing said, vegetable matter to cover the said fruit. or vegetables, water must be added,v

when the said isolation is introduced and well mixed ith said solution.

In making sauce of smell fruits the eafhi solution No. 2, specific gravity 18 Bonnie, may be eilderl to the said fruit while in the kettle, and well mixed.

Tomatoes, to be preserved, should be first scaldcdend peeled, and then putinto the hot the and kept boiling until Well cooked, and care should be taken to stir them well after the solution is added, that said solution may completely permeate them. 1

Cider or Wine, after attaining the flavor desired, may be preserved by adding the above solution No. 2, specific gravity 18 Beum, at the rate of one ounce of said solution to three gallons of said cider or wine. Cork tight, and set away in cool place.

When it is desired to preserve enimals en tire,and not to be used for food, but for-specilocus or for dissection, and where the Lever is not important, I proceed as iollowsi I take any desired quantity of solution No. 2, end, putting it into any suitable vessel, I then force into thc said Solution a. streets of sulphuroueacicl gas, by the ehme means hereinhefore stated for making said solution, until the said solution is completely saturated. with the said eulphurons-ecirlgas, making what I call my concentrated preserving-solution.

Animals entire ma yrhe preserved by injeoting said concentrated solution into their arteries and veins in the manner hercinbe-v fore described; and human bodies may be embulmedby injecting the said concentrated preserving solution into, their arteries and veins; but when I wish :tjo, preserve a, hum-(tn body for a great length ol'ltinic, or for yea-rs, about three days after'the cu concentrated solution has been injected 1' inject a fresh supply of the said solution, equal in quantity to the first, or hhout'ten per cent, by weight, of the said solution to the weight of said human body. 1 I

or vegetable substances, when treeted in the manner as herein described,

may be, preserved in vessels that, are nothermetically sealed, but completely sealing seiil vessels is not objectionable.

with each pound of eirup.

I neutralize my preserving-solutions, except thehorecic acid and; solution No. 4, for the purpose 'of prceerviug the natural flavor ofi the matter subjected to their action,

The specific grevitiec herein neruerl, end the degrees of temperature hereineteted,'cnd the proportions of preservingcoiution herein directed to he useel to the pound or any other named quantity of matter to he ereetcii, are

not rigid, and each or all of them may be va- I Pied conei lerehly without seriously eifecting the results.

Porcelein-lined veesele are preferred for mixing the said preserving-solutionwith vegetahie matter while hot, and glass or stoneware vessels should he used, though wooden vessels will answer for keeping euiflvegetehlc matter in after having been mixed with said solar tion.

I have ueecl my said preeerviug-solntione at various degrees of heat, from 56 Fahrenheit to the boiling-point of said solutions, but, with my present cxg-ierience, E prefer to use said uolutioue, when treating enima-i matter with them, at at temperature of 100 or 119 Fahrenheit; but in treating fruit and vegetahlee I use them at at temperature of 212 Fahrenheit.

I do not intend. to confine myself to the use of soda in connection or in combination with sulphurons acid, nor to soda in combination or connection with horccic acid, because many other compounds of sulphurons acid end many other eoznpouus of horncic acid will enewer the same purpose very well but at present I prefer t use sulpliitc of soda and bihomte of scale, col-cries hercinhefore stated. Neither do .Emeun lie-confine myself to the use of sulphnrone ie-iii or ocrucic acid to neutralize the bolero-manned solutions, as

other acids will answer; but at present I prefer to use the acids above-named for that pur' pose. I

What I claim as my invention or discovery, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. Subjecting animal or vegetable zna-tt'er to the notion of a solution of a mixture of boron (biborete 'of soda) or any otherconn-- pound of liorecic acid in connection with sulphiteoi' soda orany other compound of sulph urous acid, in the manner substantially as herein described, for the purpose hereinspeciiied.

2. Snbjecting animal or vegetnblemetter t5 the action of a solution of sulphite ot'uoda or any other compound oi eulphuronc acid, in the manner substantiallycs herein described,

for the purpose herein specified.

3. Subjecting animal or vegetuble matter the manner substantially as herein 6880111565, to the action of a. solution of borax (biborate for the purpose herein specified. of soda) or any onher compound of boracic acid, in the manner substantially as herein H. SPEAK. described, fqr the purpose herein specified. Witnesses:

4. Suhjec'ting animal or vegetable matter WM. DEAN OVEREL,

to the action ofa solution of boracic acid, in A. V. BRIESEN. 

